Orthopaedic 3D printing and simulation

The development of three-dimensional (3D) images is causing many effects across the medical system. Other surgery departments are also working on 3D printing and simulation, but the majority of the field is the orthopedic field. Most of the medical training was done through cadaver, but with the development of 3D images, training and simulation can be conducted through virtual reality (VR). In surgery where complex and dangerous neurovascular structures are close, such as pelvic fractures, augmented reality (AR) technology may be used to minimize the risk of surgery. 3D printers allow special implants that are tailored to the individual’s characteristics rather than mass-produced implants during fracture or arthroplasty surgery. Using VR can also help the patient's rehabilitation. While there are still disadvantages of increased overall costs and verification of stability, some of the aforementioned techniques will help both patients and physicians. This document provides an overview of the 3D printing and simulation used in the orthopedics.